Ergo Platform Blockchain Integration Guide

This guide explains every step required to connect software and services to the Ergo blockchain. It keeps all original detail while arranging information in a logical build‑order: concepts → infrastructure → transactions → operations → reference.

Send questions or suggestions to [email protected] or join the #development Discord channel.

1. Core Concepts

TopicEssential facts
Transaction ModelEach transaction spends one‑time “boxes” (UTXOs) and creates new boxes. Examine the full Ergo Box model.
AddressesStandard P2PK scripts appear at regular wallets. The address scheme documents every variant.
Boxes & RegistersA box stores an ERG amount and an optional list of {tokenId, tokenAmount} pairs inside typed registers. Details live in the register guide.
PrecisionSmallest unit = 0.000 000 001 ERG (10⁻⁹ ERG).
Block IntervalAverage block time ≈ 2 minutes.

2. Infrastructure & Tooling

2.1 Ergo Node

Tip: Ergo node offers a REST API accessible via HTTP. The complete API specification, in OpenAPI format, can be found here. When the node is operational, access the user-friendly Swagger UI at 127.0.0.1:9053/swagger or experiment with it here. An optional indexed node API is also available.

Major wallet functionalities include:

  • Wallet creation (/wallet/init) and mnemonic generation
  • Wallet restoration (/wallet/restore) from mnemonic
  • Wallet unlock (/wallet/unlock) for transaction signing
  • Wallet lock (/wallet/lock)
  • Sending a simple payment (/wallet/payment/send)
  • Checking wallet status (/wallet/status)
  • Deriving a new key according to EIP-3 (/wallet/deriveNextKey)
  • Checking wallet balance (/wallet/balances) for all addresses
  • Retrieving wallet transactions (/wallet/transactions) for all addresses

2.2 Wallet Configuration (for exchanges & pools)

Warning: Wallets that receive continuous micro‑deposits must enable dust collection; otherwise transactions will time‑out or exceed the execution‑cost ceiling. The dust‑collection guide shows you how to automate sweeping, perform manual clean‑ups, and monitor UTXO counts.

2.3 Explorers & GraphQL Endpoints

  • Official Explorer (UI + REST)explorer.ergoplatform.com
  • Community Explorerergexplorer.com
  • Community Explorersigmaspace.io
  • Public GraphQL APIhttps://explore.sigmaspace.io/api/graphql
  • Self‑hosted Indexed Node — enable indexing via Indexed Node Setup to expose explorer‑style REST and GraphQL endpoints directly from your own node—no separate explorer UI needed (recommended for exchanges & other high‑volume backends).

High‑volume operators should run a private indexed node so queries never depend on external rate limits or third‑party uptime.

3. Transactions & Wallet Operations

Before accepting or returning funds, you’ll need addresses. The Transaction Lifecycle section walks through an Ergo transaction step by step:

  1. Generate an address for incoming funds
  2. Select UTXOs and build an unsigned transaction
  3. Sign—via the node wallet or an offline key store
  4. Broadcast and track confirmations

4. Protocol Governance & Security Essentials

4.1 Forking & Upgrade Mechanisms

ModeWho must upgrade?Back‑compatibilityTypical useMore
Soft‑forkMiner majority (≥ 90 %)✅ old nodes keep syncingProtocol tweaks like EIP‑37 re‑emissionSoft‑fork
Velvet‑forkMinority of miners✅ 100 % backward compatibleOpt‑in features (e.g., NiPoPoW interlinks)Velvet‑fork
Hard‑forkAll nodes❌ split if some stay oldOnly for critical consensus changesHard‑fork

Ergo deliberately keeps hard‑fork risk low by pushing complexity to the application layer and preferring soft‑ or velvet‑forks whenever possible.

4.2 51 %‑Attack Resistance

Ergo’s ASIC‑resistant Autolykos PoW requires large memory and favours off‑exchange solo mining, making hashrate capture expensive. Diversified pools (see pools.md) further dilute control.

4.3 Storage Rent

Unspent boxes older than ≈ 4 years pay storage rent (~0.14 ERG for a simple box). This recycles lost coins and keeps the UTXO set bounded. Rent rules live in storage‑rent.md.